:root{--ink:#363636;--muted:#667788;--teal:#168857;--line:#dbdbdb;--red:#ad3b34}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:24px}body{font-family:'Noto Sans',sans-serif;color:#4a4a4a;font-size:16px;line-height:1.5}a{color:#209cee}a:hover{color:#363636}button,a,summary{touch-action:manipulation}button{cursor:pointer;font-family:inherit}button:focus-visible,a:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #209cee;outline-offset:4px}.skip{position:absolute;left:20px;top:-80px;background:#fff;padding:10px;z-index:10}.skip:focus{top:10px}.hero-body{padding:3rem 1.5rem}.publication-title{letter-spacing:0;font-family:'Google Sans',sans-serif;font-weight:600;line-height:1.125;color:#000!important}.tagline{color:#6b7280;margin-top:.25rem;max-width:860px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.publication-authors{margin-top:10px;font-family:'Google Sans',sans-serif}.publication-authors.affiliations{margin-top:0}.publication-authors a{color:hsl(204,86%,53%)!important}.author-block{display:inline-block}.publication-venue{margin:12px auto 0;font-size:16px;color:#555;font-weight:600}.publication-links{margin-top:0}.publication-links .icon svg{height:16px;width:16px}.teaser-figure{max-width:960px;margin:2rem auto 0}.teaser-figure img,.paper-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:auto}.figure-caption{color:#667788;font-size:.95rem;margin-top:.75rem;line-height:1.5}.section .title.is-3{font-size:2rem;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:1.5rem;line-height:1.125}.section:first-of-type .title{text-align:center}.section .title.is-4{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:600;margin-top:1.75rem;margin-bottom:1rem}.content p{margin-bottom:1em}.prose{max-width:none}.aside-note{font-size:15px;color:#667788;margin:1.5rem 0 0;line-height:1.6}.paper-figure{margin:2rem auto!important;max-width:960px}.content figure.paper-figure img{display:block}.table-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin-top:1.5rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}.table{width:100%;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.table th,.table td{vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;padding:.65em .8em}.table th:first-child,.table td:first-child{text-align:left}.table tbody th{font-weight:400}.table caption{text-align:left;font-weight:600;margin-bottom:.8rem}.table .highlight th,.table .highlight td{font-weight:700;color:#168857;background:#f0f8f2}.takeaway{margin-top:2rem}.bottom-links{margin:1.75rem 0}.references{margin-top:2rem}.references ol{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6}.references li{margin-bottom:1rem}.references a{overflow-wrap:anywhere}pre{overflow-x:auto;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6}.footer .content{font-size:15px;line-height:1.6}.content figure{margin:1.75rem 0}.content h3:first-child{margin-top:0}
.demo{margin:2rem 0!important;border:1px solid #dbdbdb;background:#fafafa}.demo-top{padding:16px 22px;border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb;display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:15px;align-items:center}.demo-top strong{font-size:16px}.demo-top span{font-size:13px;color:var(--muted)}.demo-body{padding:24px}.evidence-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:10px;font-size:14px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:12px}.evidence-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:10px}.evidence-slot{border:1px solid #9badb5;padding:8px;text-align:center;background:#fff}.slot-label{display:block;font-size:13px;color:var(--muted);margin-bottom:4px}.evidence-symbols{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,monospace;font-size:20px;font-weight:600}.demo-divider{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:15px;padding:20px 0;color:var(--muted);font-size:14px}.demo-divider::before,.demo-divider::after{content:'';height:1px;background:var(--line);flex:1}.decoded-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:75px 1fr 120px;gap:12px;align-items:center;margin:9px 0}.row-name{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.decoded-cells{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:10px}.symbol{font-family:ui-monospace,SFMono-Regular,monospace;font-size:22px;background:#e5f3e9;border:1.5px solid #168857;text-align:center;padding:7px 0}.decoded-row.second .symbol{background:#e6edf4;border-color:#587290}.symbol.masked{background:#fff!important;border:1.5px dashed #92a3a8!important;color:#849499}.parity-status{font-size:14px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:600}.parity-status.fail{color:var(--red)}.parity-status.pass{color:#168857}.demo-explanation{font-size:16px;line-height:1.5;min-height:54px;margin:20px 0 15px}.demo-controls{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:8px;flex-wrap:wrap}.demo-controls button,.length-controls button{background:#fff;border:1px solid #dbdbdb;padding:8px 14px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.4;border-radius:999px}.demo-controls button[aria-pressed=true],.length-controls button[aria-pressed=true]{background:#363636;border-color:#363636;color:#fff}.demo-caption{padding:15px 22px;font-size:14px;line-height:1.6;color:var(--muted);border-top:1px solid #dbdbdb}
.benchmark{margin:2rem 0!important}.benchmark-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:20px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:1.5rem}.benchmark-head h3.title.is-4{margin:0;font-size:20px}.length-controls{display:flex;gap:6px;flex-wrap:wrap}.bench-main{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1.4fr 1fr;gap:40px;margin:1.5rem 0}.latency-row{margin-bottom:17px}.bar-label{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:5px}.bar-track{height:11px;background:#f1f1f1}.bar-fill{height:100%;background:#8797a2;min-width:3px}.bar-fill.teal{background:#168857}.bench-stat{border-left:1px solid #dbdbdb;padding-left:30px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center}.bench-stat strong{font-size:36px;line-height:1.1;color:#363636}.bench-stat p{font-size:15px;color:var(--muted);line-height:1.5;margin:12px 0 0}.benchmark .table-wrap{margin:1.5rem 0}.remask-compare{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 35px 1fr;gap:12px;align-items:center;max-width:740px;margin:1.5rem auto}.remask-item{border:1px solid #dbdbdb;padding:20px 22px;text-align:center;background:#fafafa}.remask-item.improved{background:#f0f8f2}.remask-item span{font-size:15px;display:block}.remask-item strong{font-size:32px;display:block;line-height:1.3;margin:7px 0;color:#363636}.remask-item small{font-size:14px;color:var(--muted)}.flow-arrow{text-align:center;font-size:24px;color:#667788}
@media(max-width:768px){.hero-body{padding:3rem 1.5rem 1.5rem}.publication-title.title.is-1{font-size:36px}.publication-authors.is-size-5{font-size:18px!important}.tagline{font-size:16px}.section{padding:2.5rem 1.5rem}.section .title.is-3{font-size:28px}.section .title.is-4{font-size:22px}.teaser-figure{overflow:auto}.teaser-figure img{min-width:620px}.teaser-figure .figure-caption{position:sticky;left:0}.paper-figure{overflow:auto}.paper-figure img{min-width:620px}.paper-figure .figure-caption{position:sticky;left:0}.demo-top{display:block;padding:16px}.demo-top span{display:block;margin-top:5px}.demo-body{padding:18px 14px}.evidence-heading{display:block}.evidence-heading span{display:block}.decoded-row{grid-template-columns:48px 1fr 62px;gap:6px}.decoded-cells,.evidence-grid{gap:5px}.row-name,.parity-status{font-size:12px}.demo-explanation{min-height:98px}.demo-controls{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.demo-controls button{font-size:13px;padding:10px 6px}.demo-caption{padding:15px;font-size:13px}.benchmark-head{display:block}.length-controls{margin-top:15px}.bench-main{display:block}.bench-stat{border-left:0;border-top:1px solid #dbdbdb;padding:20px 0 0}.bench-stat strong{font-size:30px}.remask-compare{grid-template-columns:1fr 18px 1fr;gap:6px}.remask-item{padding:16px 10px}.remask-item span{font-size:13px}.remask-item strong{font-size:27px}.remask-item small{font-size:12px}.table{font-size:14px}.table th,.table td{padding:.6em}.footer{padding:2rem 1.5rem}.has-text-justified{text-align:left!important}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}
#starting-point .title.is-3{text-align:center}
.figure-caption{font-style:normal}
.content figure.decoding{text-align:left}.content figure.decoding figcaption{font-style:normal}
.decoding{border:1px solid #b7b7b7;background:#fff;margin:2rem 0!important}.decoding-header{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:16px;align-items:center;padding:16px 22px;border-bottom:1px solid #dbdbdb}.decoding-header strong{font-size:16px;color:#363636}.decoding-header>span{font-size:13px;color:#667788}.decoding-body{padding:24px 22px}.content .decoding h4{font-family:inherit;font-size:17px;font-weight:600;margin:0;color:#363636}.trace-truth{max-width:730px;margin:0 auto 25px;padding-bottom:25px;border-bottom:1px dashed #888}.trace-truth h4{margin-bottom:14px!important}.trace-truth h4>span{font-size:13px;font-weight:400;color:#667788;margin-left:12px}.trace-grid{font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.trace-slot-numbers{display:grid;grid-template-columns:40px repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));gap:3px;font-size:10px;text-align:center;color:#667788;margin-bottom:7px}.trace-slot-numbers>span:first-child{text-align:left}.trace-row{display:grid;grid-template-columns:40px minmax(0,1fr);gap:3px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:7px}.trace-row-label{font-size:11px;color:#667788;white-space:nowrap}.trace-cells{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));gap:3px}.trace-truth .trace-cells{outline:2px solid #151515;outline-offset:3px;margin:4px 0}.trace-cell{position:relative;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;width:100%;height:36px;min-width:0;padding:0;border:1.4px solid #151515;border-radius:0;color:#111;font-size:14px;font-family:inherit;font-weight:700;line-height:1;cursor:pointer}.trace-cell.trace-selected-slot{outline:3px solid #151515;outline-offset:1px;z-index:1}.trace-cell[aria-pressed=true]{box-shadow:inset 0 -4px #151515}.trace-cell:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #151515;outline-offset:2px;z-index:2}.trace-correct{background:#26ff26}.trace-incorrect{background:#ff2626}.trace-masked{background:#dfdfdf;color:#757575}.trace-reference{background:#2626ff;color:#fff}.trace-comparison{display:flex;gap:7px;align-items:center;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 22px}.trace-comparison>span{font-size:14px;margin-right:3px}.trace-comparison button{border:1px solid #dbdbdb;background:#fff;color:#363636;border-radius:999px;font-size:12px;padding:7px 11px;line-height:1.4}.trace-comparison button[aria-pressed=true]{background:#363636;border-color:#363636;color:#fff}.trace-panels{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr));gap:22px}.trace-panel{min-width:0}.trace-panel-heading{min-height:60px;margin-bottom:12px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:4px}.trace-panel-heading>span{font-size:12px;color:#667788}.trace-stats{display:flex;gap:12px;flex-wrap:wrap;font-size:11px;margin-top:12px;color:#4a4a4a;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.trace-legend{display:flex;justify-content:center;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:18px;font-size:12px;margin:24px 0}.trace-legend>span{display:inline-flex;gap:6px;align-items:center}.trace-swatch{width:17px;height:13px;border:1px solid #151515;display:inline-block}.trace-playback{padding-top:18px;border-top:1px solid #dbdbdb}.trace-playback-heading{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;gap:12px;align-items:center;margin-bottom:10px}.trace-playback label{font-size:14px;font-weight:600;color:#363636}.trace-playback output{display:inline-block;min-width:57px;margin-left:8px;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}.trace-transport{display:flex;gap:6px}.trace-transport button{border:1px solid #b7b7b7;background:#fff;font-size:13px;min-height:33px;min-width:33px;padding:5px 9px;border-radius:3px;color:#363636}.trace-transport #trace-play{min-width:91px;background:#363636;color:#fff;border-color:#363636}.trace-transport button:disabled{opacity:.35;cursor:default}#trace-step{display:block;width:100%;margin:9px 0 4px;cursor:pointer;accent-color:#363636}#trace-step:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #209cee;outline-offset:4px}.trace-checkpoints{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;margin:0 -5px}.trace-checkpoints button{font-size:12px;background:transparent;color:#667788;border:0;min-width:30px;min-height:30px;padding:4px 5px}.trace-checkpoints button[aria-pressed=true]{color:#111;font-weight:700;text-decoration:underline;text-underline-offset:5px}.content p.trace-explanation{margin:18px 0 12px;font-size:15px;min-height:45px;line-height:1.55}.trace-inspector{border-left:3px solid #363636;padding:10px 12px;background:#f7f7f7;font-size:13px;line-height:1.55;min-height:60px}.decoding-caption{border-top:1px solid #dbdbdb;padding:16px 22px;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65;color:#667788;text-align:left}
@media(max-width:800px){.trace-panels{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:20px}.trace-panel-heading{min-height:0;flex-direction:row;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center}.trace-cell{height:36px;font-size:14px}.trace-explanation{min-height:0!important}.trace-stats{font-size:12px}.trace-truth h4>span{display:block;margin:5px 0 0}}
@media(max-width:480px){.decoding-header{padding:14px;display:block}.decoding-header>span{display:block;margin-top:4px}.decoding-body{padding:19px 12px}.trace-row,.trace-slot-numbers{grid-template-columns:32px minmax(0,1fr)}.trace-slot-numbers{grid-template-columns:32px repeat(12,minmax(0,1fr));gap:2px;font-size:9px}.trace-cells{gap:2px}.trace-row-label{font-size:9px}.trace-cell{height:29px;font-size:10px;border-width:1px}.trace-panel-heading{display:block}.content .decoding h4{font-size:15px}.trace-panel-heading>span{display:block;margin-top:3px}.trace-comparison{gap:6px}.trace-comparison>span{width:100%}.trace-comparison button{font-size:11px;padding:6px 9px}.trace-stats{font-size:11px;gap:10px}.trace-legend{gap:10px;font-size:11px}.trace-playback-heading{flex-wrap:wrap}.trace-transport button{min-height:34px}.trace-inspector{font-size:12px}.decoding-caption{padding:14px;font-size:12px}}

.content figure.ura-figure{max-width:790px;margin:1.7rem auto 1.9rem;border:2px solid #26354e;background:#fff;text-align:left}
.ura-figure-top{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:12px;border-bottom:2px solid #26354e;padding:9px 15px;background:#e3e3e3}
.ura-figure-top strong{display:block;font-size:14px;line-height:1.3;color:#111;font-weight:700}
.ura-figure-top span{display:block;margin-top:2px;font-size:11px;color:#555}
.ura-figure-top button{background:#fff;border:2px solid #26354e;border-radius:0;color:#111;padding:4px 9px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:600;white-space:nowrap}
.ura-flow{--code-cell:18px;display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 160px minmax(0,1fr);gap:8px;align-items:center;padding:18px 12px}
.ura-label{display:block;font-size:12px;color:#444;margin-bottom:9px;font-weight:700}
.ura-senders,.ura-output{text-align:center;min-width:0}
.ura-sender{height:42px;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:7px;margin:3px 0;color:#111}
.ura-person{width:28px;height:38px;flex:none;fill:#4c7ac5;stroke:#0b203d;stroke-width:2.5}
.ura-sender.is-idle{height:28px}
.ura-sender.is-idle .ura-person{fill:#d0d3d6;stroke:#8c9196}
.ura-silent{flex:0 0 calc(12 * var(--code-cell));padding-left:8px;text-align:left;color:#777;font-size:11px;font-style:italic}
.ura-codeword{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;white-space:nowrap}
.ura-symbol{display:grid;place-items:center;flex:none;width:var(--code-cell,18px);height:25px;border:1.5px solid #111;color:#111;font:700 9px/1 Arial,sans-serif;font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums}
.ura-symbol+.ura-symbol{border-left:0}
.ura-channel{text-align:center;min-width:0}
.ura-channel .ura-label{margin-bottom:0}
.ura-channel svg{display:block;width:100%;height:168px;overflow:hidden}
.ura-route{fill:none;stroke:#111;stroke-width:3.5;stroke-linecap:square;marker-end:url(#ura-arrow)}
#ura-arrow path{fill:#111}
.ura-packet{opacity:0}
.ura-packet rect{stroke:#111;stroke-width:1}
.ura-cloud{fill:#d9d9d9;stroke:#111;stroke-width:2.2}
.ura-cloud-text{font:700 12px Arial,sans-serif;fill:#111}
.ura-channel-text{display:block;color:#555;font-size:11px;margin-top:-2px}
.ura-output .ura-label{margin-bottom:5px}
.ura-set{display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:3px;min-height:135px}
.ura-set ul{list-style:none;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}
.ura-set li{margin:9px 0;opacity:0;transform:translateY(5px)}
.ura-brace{font:normal 58px/1 Georgia,serif;color:#111}
.ura-output-note{display:block;color:#168857;font-size:11px;font-weight:700;opacity:0}
.ura-figure figcaption{border-top:2px solid #26354e;padding:9px 15px;color:#555;font-size:13px;line-height:1.45;text-align:left}
.ura-figure[data-stage="transmit"] .ura-packet-one{animation:ura-send-one 1.15s ease-in-out both}
.ura-figure[data-stage="transmit"] .ura-packet-two{animation:ura-send-two 1.15s ease-in-out .12s both}
.ura-figure[data-stage="mixture"] .ura-cloud{animation:ura-pulse .6s ease-in-out 2}
.ura-figure[data-stage="output"] .ura-set li{opacity:1;transform:none;transition:opacity .5s ease,transform .5s ease}
.ura-figure[data-stage="output"] .ura-set li:nth-child(2){transition-delay:.15s}
.ura-figure[data-stage="output"] .ura-output-note{opacity:1;transition:opacity .5s ease .3s}
@keyframes ura-send-one{0%{opacity:0;transform:translate(0,0)}12%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:1;transform:translate(52px,46px)}}
@keyframes ura-send-two{0%{opacity:0;transform:translate(0,0)}12%{opacity:1}100%{opacity:1;transform:translate(52px,-39px)}}
@keyframes ura-pulse{50%{fill:#bcbcbc;stroke-width:3.2}}
@media(min-width:881px) and (max-width:980px){.ura-flow{--code-cell:16px;grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr) 140px minmax(0,1fr)}.ura-brace{font-size:48px}}
@media(max-width:880px){.ura-flow{--code-cell:20px;grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:7px;padding:15px}.ura-sender{height:38px;gap:7px;margin:1px 0}.ura-sender.is-idle{height:25px}.ura-person{width:23px;height:31px}.ura-symbol{height:25px;font-size:10px}.ura-senders::after,.ura-channel::after{content:'↓';display:block;color:#111;font-size:25px;font-weight:700;line-height:1}.ura-channel{border-top:1px solid #b9b9b9;border-bottom:1px solid #b9b9b9;padding:7px 0}.ura-channel svg{height:115px;max-width:180px;margin:auto}.ura-channel-text{margin-top:0}.ura-set{min-height:68px}.ura-set li{margin:4px 0}.ura-brace{font-size:48px}.ura-output-note{margin-top:2px}}
@media(max-width:380px){.ura-flow{--code-cell:16px;padding:13px 8px}.ura-sender{gap:4px}.ura-person{width:20px}.ura-symbol{height:22px;font-size:8px}.ura-brace{font-size:40px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.ura-figure .ura-packet,.ura-figure .ura-cloud,.ura-figure .ura-set li,.ura-figure .ura-output-note{animation:none!important;transition:none!important}}

.content p.trace-intro{max-width:790px;margin:1.1rem auto 1.25rem;line-height:1.55}
.benchmark-conditions{display:block;margin:1.75rem 0 0;padding:17px 20px;border:1px solid #c5d7cb;border-left:4px solid var(--teal);background:#f4f9f5;color:var(--ink);line-height:1.5}
.benchmark-conditions>strong{display:block;font-size:16px;margin-bottom:12px}
.content .benchmark-conditions dl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:20px;margin:0}
.benchmark-conditions dt{font-size:12px;font-weight:700;letter-spacing:.02em;color:#3f6550;margin-bottom:3px}
.content .benchmark-conditions dd{font-size:15px;margin:0;overflow-wrap:anywhere}
@media(max-width:700px){.content .benchmark-conditions dl{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:12px}.benchmark-conditions{padding:15px 16px}}
.content p.experiment-note{display:flex;gap:14px;align-items:baseline;margin:15px 0 1.5rem;padding:14px 17px;border:1px solid #c5d7cb;border-left:4px solid var(--teal);background:#f4f9f5;color:var(--ink);font-size:15px;line-height:1.5}
.experiment-note strong{flex:0 0 auto;font-size:15px}
.decoding-caption{background:#f8f8f8;color:#4a4a4a;font-size:15px;line-height:1.55}
@media(max-width:700px){.content p.experiment-note{display:block;padding:14px 16px}.experiment-note strong{display:block;margin-bottom:4px}.decoding-caption{font-size:14px}}
.blog-return{display:inline-block;margin:0 0 18px;color:#667788;font-size:14px;text-decoration:none}
.blog-return:hover,.blog-return:focus-visible{color:#363636;text-decoration:underline}